European Souslik

Adventure step • Meet the species

Overview

The European souslik, also known as the European ground squirrel, is a small terrestrial rodent inhabiting the grasslands of Central and Eastern Europe. With its compact body, short tail, and large eyes, it resembles a mix between a hamster and a prairie dog. Its short fur varies from grey-brown to yellowish-brown with small light spots on its back, giving it a speckled appearance. These small rodents weigh between 190 and 340 grams and reach 19-23 centimeters in length, with a tail adding another 5-7 centimeters. The souslik is a master at digging complex burrow systems underground. These subterranean homes can have multiple entrances, living chambers, and special storage areas where they hoard food. During summer, they are extremely active, spending their days foraging, sunbathing on rocks, and warning each other of dangers with loud whistling calls. They are diurnal animals, most active during mid-morning and late afternoon when temperatures are moderate. These small squirrel-like rodents are strictly herbivorous, feeding on grasses, herbs, seeds, roots, and occasionally legumes. They have cheek pouches where they can transport food to their storage chambers. During early summer, they eat intensively to build up fat reserves for winter. The souslik is famous for its extremely long and deep hibernation, which can last up to eight months, from September until April or May, depending on climate and geographical location. Unfortunately, the European souslik is one of Europe's most threatened rodents. The species has declined dramatically over the past century due to habitat loss as old pastures have been converted to arable farmland or become overgrown. They are classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN, and many local populations have already disappeared entirely. Conservation efforts focus on restoring and preserving traditional grasslands and pastures where these charming little animals can survive.